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Wood Puzzle Piece Art Autism Wood Puzzle Piece Art

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Blazon of tiling puzzle

Person solving a jigsaw puzzle

A jigsaw puzzle is a tiling puzzle that requires the associates of often oddly shaped interlocking and mosaiced pieces, each of which typically has a portion of a pic; when assembled, they produce a complete picture.

In the 18th century, jigsaw puzzles were created by painting a moving picture on a flat, rectangular piece of wood, then cut it into pocket-sized pieces. Despite the proper noun, a jigsaw was never used. John Spilsbury, a London cartographer and engraver, is credited with commercialising jigsaw puzzles around 1760.[1] They take since come to be fabricated primarily of paper-thin.

Typical images on jigsaw puzzles include scenes from nature, buildings, and repetitive designs—castles and mountains are common, likewise as other traditional subjects. However, any pic tin can be used. Artisan puzzle-makers and companies using technologies for ane-off and minor print-run puzzles utilize a wide range of field of study affair, including optical illusions, unusual fine art, and personal photographs. In add-on to traditional apartment, two-dimensional puzzles, three-dimensional puzzles accept entered large-scale product, including spherical puzzles and architectural recreations.

A range of jigsaw puzzle accessories including boards, cases, frames, and gyre-up mats has become available to assistance jigsaw puzzle enthusiasts. While most assembled puzzles are disassembled for reuse, they tin also be attached to a bankroll with agglutinative and displayed equally art.

History [edit]

John Spilsbury'due south "Europe divided into its kingdoms, etc." (1766). He created the jigsaw puzzle for educational purposes, and chosen them "Dissected Maps".[2] [3]

John Spilsbury is believed to have produced the first jigsaw puzzle around 1760, using a marquetry saw.[ane]

Early puzzles, known as dissections, were produced by mounting maps on sheets of hardwood and cutting forth national boundaries, creating a puzzle useful for teaching geography.[1] Royal governess Lady Charlotte Finch used such "dissected maps" to teach the children of King George III and Queen Charlotte[4] [5] Cardboard jigsaw puzzles appeared in the belatedly 1800s, but were tiresome to replace wooden ones considering manufacturers felt that cardboard puzzles would be perceived as low-quality, and because profit margins on wooden jigsaws were larger.[i]

British printed puzzle from 1874.

The name "jigsaw" came to be associated with the puzzle around 1880 when fretsaws became the tool of pick for cutting the shapes. Since fretsaws are distinct from jigsaws, the name appears to be a misnomer.[1]

Wooden jigsaw pieces, cut by mitt

Jigsaw puzzles soared in popularity during the Great Depression, as they provided a cheap, long-lasting, recyclable form of entertainment.[one] [vi] It was around this time that jigsaws evolved to become more than complex and appealing to adults.[1] They were also given away in product promotions and used in advertisement, with customers completing an paradigm of the promoted production.[one] [6]

Sales of wooden puzzles vicious later on World State of war Ii as improved wages led to price increases, while improvements in manufacturing processes made paperboard jigsaws more than attractive.[six]

Need for jigsaw puzzles saw a surge, comparable to that of the Great Depression, during the COVID-nineteen pandemic's stay-at-home orders.[7] [8]

Mod structure [edit]

About modern jigsaw puzzles are made of paperboard as they are easier and cheaper to mass-produce. An enlarged photograph or printed reproduction of a painting or other two-dimensional artwork is glued to cardboard, which is then fed into a press. The press forces a prepare of hardened steel blades of the desired pattern, called a puzzle die, through the board until fully cutting.

The puzzle die is a flat board, frequently made from plywood, with slots cut or burned in the same shape every bit the knives that are used. The knives are set into the slots and covered in a compressible material, typically cream rubber, which ejects the cut puzzle pieces.

The cut process is similar to making shaped cookies with a cookie cutter. However, the forces involved are tremendously greater: A typical 1000-piece puzzle requires upwards of 700 tons of force to push the die through the board.

Beginning in the 1930s, jigsaw puzzles were cut using large hydraulic presses that now cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. The precise cuts gave a snug fit, just the cost express jigsaw puzzle product to large corporations. Recent roller-press methods achieve the same results at a lower cost.[ commendation needed ]

New applied science has besides enabled light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation-cutting of wooden or acrylic jigsaw puzzles. The advantage is that the puzzle tin can be custom-cutting to any size or shape, with any number or average size of pieces. Many museums have laser-cut acrylic puzzles fabricated of some of their fine art so visiting children can get together puzzles of the images on display. Acrylic pieces are very durable, waterproof, and can withstand continued employ without the image degrading. Also, considering the impress and cut patterns are computer-based, missing pieces can easily be remade.

By the early 1960s, Tower Press was the globe'southward largest jigsaw puzzle maker; information technology was acquired by Waddingtons in 1969.[9] Numerous smaller-scale puzzle makers work in artisanal styles, handcrafting and handcutting their creations.[x] [11] [12] [xiii]

Variations [edit]

Jigsaw puzzle software allowing rotation of pieces

A three-dimensional puzzle composed of several two-dimensional puzzles stacked on top of ane another

A puzzle without a picture

Jigsaw puzzles come in a variety of sizes. Amid those marketed to adults, 300-, 500- and 750-piece puzzles are considered "smaller". More than sophisticated, but nevertheless common, puzzles come in sizes of one,000, 1,500, 2,000, iii,000, 4,000, 5,000, vi,000, 7,500, 8,000, 9,000, xiii,200, 18,000, 24,000, 32,000 and twoscore,000 pieces.

Jigsaw puzzles geared towards children typically accept many fewer pieces and are typically much larger. For very immature children, puzzles with equally few as 4 to 9 big pieces (so as not to be a choking gamble) are standard. They are usually made of wood or plastic for immovability and can be cleaned without harm.

The most common layout for a thousand-piece puzzle is 38 pieces by 27 pieces, for an actual total of 1,026 pieces. Most 500-piece puzzles are 27 pieces by 19 pieces. A few puzzles are double-sided so they can exist solved from either side—calculation complication, as the enthusiast must determine if they are looking at the right side of each piece.

"Family puzzles" of 100–550 pieces apply an assortment of small, medium and large pieces, with each size going in ane direction or towards the middle of the puzzle. This allows a family of different skill levels and manus sizes to work on the puzzle together. Companies similar Springbok, Cobble Colina, Ravensburger and Suns Out make this blazon of specialty puzzle.

At that place are also three-dimensional jigsaw puzzles. Many are fabricated of wood or styrofoam and crave the puzzle to be solved in a particular guild, equally some pieces will not fit if others are already in identify. 1 blazon of three-D jigsaw puzzle is a puzzle globe, frequently made of plastic. Like 2-D puzzles, the assembled pieces course a unmarried layer, but the final form is three-dimensional. Nigh earth puzzles take designs representing spherical shapes such as the Globe, the Moon, and historical globes of the Earth.

Also mutual are puzzle boxes, simple three-dimensional puzzles with a small drawer or box in the heart for storage.

Jigsaw puzzles can vary significantly in price depending on their complexity, number of pieces, and brand. In the US, children'due south puzzles can offset around $5, while larger ones can exist closer to $50. The most expensive puzzle to date was sold for $US27,000 in 2005 at a charity auction for The Golden Retriever Foundation.[fourteen]

Several word-puzzle games use pieces similar to those in jigsaw puzzles. Examples include Alfa-Lek, Jigsaw Words, Nab-It!, Puzzlage, Typ-Dom, Give-and-take Jigsaw, and Yottsugo.[15] [ commendation needed ]

Puzzle pieces [edit]

A "whimsy" slice in a wooden jigsaw puzzle

Many puzzles are termed "fully interlocking", which means that side by side pieces are connected so that they stay fastened when ane is turned. Sometimes the connection is tight enough to selection up a solved function by belongings 1 piece.

Some fully interlocking puzzles have pieces of a similar shape, with rounded tabs (interjambs) on contrary ends and corresponding indentations—called blanks—on the other two sides to receive the tabs. Other fully interlocking puzzles may accept tabs and blanks variously arranged on each slice; simply they usually have iv sides, and the numbers of tabs and blanks thus add together up to 4. Uniformly shaped fully interlocking puzzles, sometimes called "Japanese Style", are the most difficult because the differences in the pieces' shapes are most subtle.[ citation needed ]

Near jigsaw puzzles are square, rectangular or round, with edge pieces with one directly or smoothly curved side, plus four corner pieces (if the puzzle is square or rectangular). However, some puzzles have border, and corner pieces cut like the remainder, with no straight sides, making information technology more than challenging to identify them. Other puzzles utilize more complex edge pieces to form unique shapes when assembled, such equally profiles of animals.

The pieces of spherical jigsaw, like immersive panorama jigsaw, tin be triangular-shaped, according to the rules of tessellation of the geoid primitive.

Designer Yuu Asaka created "Jigsaw Puzzle 29". Instead of 4 corner pieces, information technology has v. The puzzle is made from pale blue acrylic without a picture.[xvi] It was awarded the Jury Honorable Mention of 2018 Puzzle Design Competition.[17] Because many puzzlers had solved it easily, he created "Jigsaw Puzzle xix" which composed simply with corner pieces equally revenge.[18] It was made with transparent green acrylic pieces without a motion picture.[nineteen]

Calculating the number of edge pieces [edit]

Jigsaw puzzlers oftentimes desire to know in advance how many border pieces they are looking for to verify they have found all of them. Puzzle sizes are typically listed on commercially distributed puzzles but usually include the total number of pieces in the puzzle and do not list the count of edge or interior pieces.

Puzzlers, therefore, summate the number of border pieces. To calculate B (border pieces) from P (the total piece count), follow this method:

  1. List the prime number factors of P.
    For a 513-slice jigsaw, the prime factorization tree is iii×three×three×19=513
  2. Take the foursquare root of P and round off.
    √513 ≈ 22.6
    round to 23
  3. Expect for numbers in the prime factor list inside ±20% of the square root of P.
    1. Calculate 20% of the rounded square root of P.
      ane⁄v × 23 = 4.6
    2. Develop the range, ±20%, from the rounded square root of P.
      23 ±four.6 = 18.4 to 27.half-dozen
    3. Compare the range with the factor listing. Define this as E1.
      The factor list shows 19 in the range.
  4. Decide the horizontal / vertical dimensions.
    • Divide P (the total number of pieces) by E1 to determine the horizontal / vertical dimensions, E1xE2.
      513 / xix = 27
      This is probably a 19×27 puzzle.
    • Alternative method: take the remaining numbers from the prime factorization tree.
      3x3x3 = 27
  5. Add the iv sides and subtract iv to correct for the corner pieces, which would otherwise be counted in both the horizontal and vertical.
    27 × 2 + 19 × 2 - 4 = 88

These 88 edge pieces include 4 corners, 17 pieces between corners on the short sides, and 25 between corners on the long sides.

Common puzzle dimensions:

  • 1000 slice puzzle: 1026 pieces, 126 edge pieces (38x27)[20]

World records [edit]

Largest commercially available jigsaw puzzles [edit]

Pieces Proper name of puzzle Company Twelvemonth Size [cm] Expanse [m2]
54,000 Travel by Art Grafika 2020 864 × 204 17.65
52,110 (No title: collage of animals) MartinPuzzle 2018 696 × 202 14.06
51,300 27 Wonders from Around the World Kodak 2019 869 × 191 16.60
48,000 Around the World Grafika 2017 768 × 204 15.67
42,000 La vuelta al Mundo Educa Borras 2017 749 × 157 xi.76
twoscore,320 Making Mickey Magic Ravensburger 2018 680 × 192 13.06
40,320 Memorable Disney Moments Ravensburger 2016 680 × 192 thirteen.06
33,600 Wild Life Educa Borras 2014 570 × 157 8.95
32,000 New York City Window Ravensburger 2014 544 × 192 ten.45
32,000 Double Retrospect Ravensburger 2010 544 × 192 10.45
24,000 Life, The greatest puzzle Educa Borras 2007 428 × 157 6.72

Largest-sized jigsaw puzzles [edit]

The globe'south largest-sized jigsaw puzzle measured 5,428.8 thoutwo (58,435 sq ft) with 21,600 pieces, each measuring a Guinness World Records maximum size of 50 cm by 50 cm. It was assembled on three Nov 2002 by 777 people at the one-time Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong.[21]

Largest jigsaw puzzle – most pieces [edit]

The Guinness record of CYM Grouping in 2011 with 551,232 pieces

The jigsaw with the greatest number of pieces had 551,232 pieces and measured 14.85 × 23.20 m (48 ft viii.64 in × 76 ft 1.38 in). Information technology was assembled on 25 September 2011 at Phú Thọ Indoor Stadium in Ho Chi Minh Urban center, Vietnam, by students of the Academy of Economics, Ho Chi Minh Urban center. It is listed by the Guinness World Records for the "Largest Jigsaw Puzzle – most pieces", but as the intact jigsaw had been divided into 3,132 sections, each containing 176 pieces, which were reassembled and so connected, the claim is controversial.[22] [23]

Society [edit]

The logo of Wikipedia is a globe fabricated out of jigsaw pieces. The incomplete sphere symbolizes the room to add together new knowledge.[ citation needed ]

In the logo of the Colombian Office of the Attorney General appears a jigsaw puzzle piece in the foreground. They named it "The Cardinal Piece": "The slice of a puzzle is the proper symbol to visually represent the Function of the Chaser General considering it includes the concepts of search, solution and answers that the entity pursues through the investigative activity."[24]

Art and amusement [edit]

The fundamental antagonist in the Saw moving-picture show franchise is named Jigsaw.[25]

In the 1933 Laurel and Hardy curt Me and My Pal, several characters attempt to complete a large jigsaw puzzle.[26]

Lost in Translation is a poem about a child putting together a jigsaw puzzle, equally well as an interpretive puzzle itself.

Life: A User'due south Manual, Georges Perec'south most famous novel, tells as pieces of a puzzle a story about a jigsaw puzzle maker.

Jigsaw Puzzle (vocal), sometimes spelled "Jig-Saw Puzzle" is a vocal by the stone and scroll band The Rolling Stones, featured on their 1968 album Beggars Banquet.

In ''Citizen Kane'' Susan Alexander Kane (Dorothy Comingore) is reduced to spending her days completing jigsaws afterwards the failure of her operatic career. After Kane's death when ''Xanadu'' is emptied, hundreds of jigsaw puzzles are discovered in the cellar.

Rhett And Link Practise A Rainy Day Jigsaw Puzzle is a short video by self-described "internetainers" (portmanteau of "Cyberspace" and "entertainers") Rhett & Link which portrays the frustration of discovering a puzzle piece is missing.

Mental health [edit]

According to the Alzheimer Lodge of Canada, doing jigsaw puzzles is one of many activities that can help keep the encephalon agile and may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease.[27]

An "autism awareness" ribbon, featuring red, blueish, and xanthous jigsaw pieces

Jigsaw puzzle pieces were beginning used every bit a symbol for autism in 1963 by the United kingdom's National Autistic Society.[28] The system chose jigsaw pieces for their logo to represent the "puzzling" nature of autism and the inability to "fit in" due to social differences, and likewise considering jigsaw pieces were recognizable and otherwise unused.[29] Puzzle pieces accept since been incorporated into the logos and promotional materials of many organizations, including the Autism Society of America and Autism Speaks.

Proponents of the autism rights motility oppose the jigsaw puzzle iconography, stating that metaphors such as "puzzling" and "incomplete" are harmful to autistic people. Critics of the puzzle piece symbol instead advocate for a rainbow-colored infinity symbol representing diversity.[30] In 2017, the journal Autism concluded that the apply of the jigsaw puzzle evoked negative public perception towards autistic individuals. They removed the puzzle piece from their embrace in Feb 2018.[31]

Run across as well [edit]

  • Edge-matching puzzle
  • Jigsaw puzzle accessories
  • Tessellation
  • Wentworth Wooden Puzzles

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c d east f one thousand h McAdam, Daniel. "History of Jigsaw Puzzles". American Jigsaw Puzzle Society. Archived from the original on nineteen Oct 2000. Retrieved 13 Oct 2014.
  2. ^ "The Time of the Jigsaws". BBC. 15 November 2016.
  3. ^ "Top 10 facts about jigsaw puzzles". Daily Express. 15 November 2016.
  4. ^ Historic Royal Palaces press release "Jigsaw cabinet" Archived 2015-06-xiii at the Wayback Auto
  5. ^ https://collections.vam.ac.uk/particular/O1243701/puzzle-cabinet-unknown/ V&A drove; Museum number:B.1:1 & 2-2011; puzzle cabinet
  6. ^ a b c Williams, Anne, D. "Jigsaw Puzzles – A Brief History". www.mgcpuzzles.com . Retrieved 2 Baronial 2014.
  7. ^ Miller, Hannah (April 5, 2020). "Need for jigsaw puzzles is surging as coronavirus keeps millions of Americans indoors". CNBC . Retrieved April sixteen, 2020.
  8. ^ Doubek, James (April 13, 2020). "With People Stuck at Home, Jigsaw Puzzle Sales Soar". NPR . Retrieved April xvi, 2020.
  9. ^ Achievement. World Trade Magazines Ltd. 1962. p. 31. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  10. ^ Charlotte Arneson, "The Perfect Jigsaw for Every Type of Puzzler", Slate, April 10, 2020.
  11. ^ Tracee M. Herbaugh, "Snapping Into Place: Jigsaw Puzzles Take Ardent Following", Associated Press via Minnesota Star-Tribune, Feb. 12, 2020.
  12. ^ Andy Castillo, "Specialty puzzle uses light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation-cut techniques to offering one-of-a-kind offerings", Greenfield Recorder, April 6, 2018.
  13. ^ Jennifer A. Kingson, "Heart for Art and Artistry Amidst Jigsaw'due south Jumble", New York Times, December. 7, 2010.
  14. ^ "Virtually expensive jigsaw puzzle sold at auction". Guinness World Records . Retrieved 2016-03-06 .
  15. ^ "Puzzle – Board Game Category". boardgamegeek.com . Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  16. ^ Ramsay, Chris (2019-03-07), Solving The HARDEST JIGSAW PUZZLE!! – LEVEL x!, YouTube, archived from the original on 2021-12-eleven
  17. ^ 2018 Puzzle Blueprint Competition Results, International Puzzle Collectors Association, 2018
  18. ^ Valtiel (2019-08-21), This puzzle composed only with corners, Reddit
  19. ^ Asaka, Yuu (2019), Yuu Asaka interview, Akita University of art
  20. ^ "How To Count Puzzles Pieces". Jigsaw Puzzle Hobby . Retrieved 2020-10-05 .
  21. ^ "Largest jigsaw puzzle". Guinness World Records. 2002-eleven-03. Retrieved 2013-03-04 .
  22. ^ "Largest jigsaw puzzle – most pieces". Guinness World Records . Retrieved 15 March 2017.
  23. ^ "Vietnam puts together the world's largest jigsaw puzzle". Guinness World Records News . Retrieved 15 March 2017.
  24. ^ "'The Logo, The anthem'". Fiscalía General de la Nación (Colombia). 2018-12-02.
  25. ^ "'Saw' IMDB page". Internet Movie Database. 2004-10-29.
  26. ^ "'Me and My Pal' IMDB page". Internet Picture show Database. 2015-08-29.
  27. ^ Healthy Brain Archived 2010-12-12 at the Wayback Automobile Alzheimer Society of Canada Accessed 30 March 2011
  28. ^ "NAS timeline (text only version)". National Autistic Society. 2015-02-09. Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2022-02-17 .
  29. ^ "Perspectives on a puzzle slice". National Autistic Order. June 1997. Archived from the original on 2007-10-23. Retrieved 2022-02-17 .
  30. ^ Lisa D. (total last name unknown) (2012-05-02). "I am not a puzzle: From Reports from a Resident Conflicting". Unpuzzled. Archived from the original on 2014-07-30. Retrieved 2014-07-xxx .
  31. ^ Diament, Michelle (February 2, 2018). "Autism Journal Abandons Puzzle Slice". Inability Scoop . Retrieved March eighteen, 2018.

External links [edit]

  • Jigsaw-puzzle.org at jigsaw-puzzle.org (November 2000; archived from Wayback Machine)
  • History of Jigsaw puzzle at puzzlewarehouse.com
  • Why don't Jigsaw Puzzles take the right number of pieces? - Matt Parker

footeplith1965.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jigsaw_puzzle

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